Relationship of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities in Gymnema inodorum leaf extracts

Abstract

Gynmena inodorum (GI) is a green leafy vegetable used in the Northern Thai cuisine which has antioxidant activities and may be applicable for preventing oxidative stress and aging-related disease. However understanding the relationship between GI phytonutrients and their antioxidant properties has been unclear. The aims of this study were to identify the GI leaf phytochemicals and to study their antioxidant activities. A chromatogram of LC-ESI-MS/QTOF-MS showed that the GI leaves were potentially composed of phenolics quinic acids flavonoids and triterpenoid saponins. This study was able to authenticate quercetin kaempferol and triterpenoid GIA1 in the samples. The GI materials with high contents of phenolics flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol showed significant relation to antioxidation and protection in endothelial cell death suppressed by reactive nitrogen species. Meanwhile triterpenoids had a low antioxidant impact. Ultimately GI leaves with high phenolic compounds are a promising raw material to develop as an antioxidant functional food. ? 2023 The Authors