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Incidence rates of myocarditis and pericarditis within 30 days following homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 vaccinations in individuals 5� years of age
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Document Title
Incidence rates of myocarditis and pericarditis within 30 days following homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 vaccinations in individuals 5� years of age
Author
Kumwichar P. Chongsuvivatwong V. Vasoppakarn S. Atthakul N. Nakhonsri V. Ngamphiw C. Khunkham P. Janpoung W. Tongsima S.
Affiliations
Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla University Songkhla Hat Yai Thailand; Bureau of Service Quality Development National Health Security Office Lak Si Bangkok Thailand; National Biobank of Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Khlong Luang 12120 Thailand
Type
Article
Source Title
Vaccine
ISSN
0264410X
Year
2024
Volume
42
Issue
4
Page
844-852
Open Access
All Open Access Hybrid Gold
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
DOI
10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.026
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the data scarcity in low- and middle-income countries we aimed to examine the incidence rate of myocarditis and pericarditis within 30 days after each dose of homologous (3 ? BNT162b2) and heterologous prime-boost (2 ? BBIBP-CorV/BNT162b2) vaccine regimen among individuals younger than 40 years. Methods: We conducted a historical control cohort using routinely recorded data from Thai national vaccine and insurance claims databases. Sex-specific incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for myocarditis and pericarditis were calculated for each vaccination strategy and contrasted with incidence rates among the non-immunised population in the pre-COVID-19 period. From August 2021 to September 2022 we tracked the incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis within 30 days after vaccinations using < 40-year-old national population databases. Our reference was the average monthly incidence of these conditions in the non-immunised population from August to October 2019. The exposure of interest was immunisation against the SARS-CoV-2 virus incorporating the following vaccination strategies: three-dose 3 ? BNT162b2 regimen three-dose 2 ? BBIBP-CorV/BNT162b2 regimen and non-immunisation. Results: For myocarditis a total of 215 cases were identified among 7 594 965 individuals in the 3 ? BNT162b2 cohort 5 cases among 2 914 643 individuals in the 2 ? BBIBP-CorV/BNT162b2 cohort and 115 cases among 32 424 780 non-immunised individuals. The sex-specific IRRs (95 % confidence intervals) of myocarditis and pericarditis after the homologous vaccination were 3.09 (1.61 5.93) and 1.84 (0.72 4.73) for females and 7.43 (3.11 17.73) and 10.48 (3.90 28.15) for males respectively. Conversely the IRRs of myocarditis after the heterologous vaccination were not significant (females: 2.24 (0.70 7.17); males: 1.99 (0.48 8.21)). IRRs could not be obtained for pericarditis after the heterologous vaccination because of the small number of observed events. Conclusions: The study observed a significantly increased risk of myocarditis and pericarditis following homologous 3 ? BNT162b2 vaccination but had insufficient power to confirm an increased risk for myocarditis following the heterologous prime-boost 2 ? BBIBP-CorV/BNT162b2 vaccination. The incidence of pericarditis following the heterologous vaccination was too rare to evaluate. ? 2024 The Author(s)
Keyword
BNT162b2 | COVID-19 | Heterologous vaccination | mRNA vaccine | Myocarditis | Pericarditis | SARS-CoV-2
License
CC BY
Rights
Authors
Publication Source
WOS