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The Effect of Oleic Acid-Enriched Diet in Hybrid Groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ? Epinephelus lanceolatus) upon Infection with Vibrio vulnificus Using an LC-qTOF-MS Approach
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Document Title
The Effect of Oleic Acid-Enriched Diet in Hybrid Groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ? Epinephelus lanceolatus) upon Infection with Vibrio vulnificus Using an LC-qTOF-MS Approach
Author
Natnan M.E. Low C.-F. Chong C.-M. Rungrassamee W. Baharum S.N.
Affiliations
Metabolomics Research Laboratory Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor Bangi 43600 Malaysia; Laboratory of Immunogenomics Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Serdang 43400 Malaysia; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Rd. Khlong Luang Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
Type
Article
Source Title
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
ISSN
20771312
Year
2023
Volume
11
Issue
8
Open Access
All Open Access Gold
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
DOI
10.3390/jmse11081563
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of oleic acid supplements on the liver metabolome of hybrid grouper fingerlings (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ? Epinephelus lanceolatus) challenged with Vibrio vulnificus. Oleic acid was used as a fish feed supplement because it has been reported to enhance the immune response of fish. After six weeks of feeding trials with the control and experimental diets (oleic acid immunostimulant) 10 fish were randomly selected from each treatment and challenged with V. vulnificus by immersion for 30 min. After seven days of post-bacterial challenge the liver samples of surviving infected groupers were dissected and used for metabolomics fingerprinting using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS). The results were then analyzed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 and SIMCA+P software. From the analyses conducted out of 639 primary metabolites detected a total of 66 metabolites were significantly identified from the liver samples of grouper fed control and oleic acid diets. Further analysis also showed that the control and oleic acid diets have significantly different metabolites by the discriminating clustering of samples based on the PLS-DA analysis. Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis the known metabolites pathways with high impact values are alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism (0.13) followed by purine metabolism pathways (0.05). Moreover out of these highly impacted metabolic pathways L-glutamine (8.71%) L-lysine (4.05%) L-carnitine (11.53%) and inosine (10.49%) were the several metabolites that were highly abundant in the liver sample of surviving infected hybrid groupers fed with dietary oleic acid. The changes of metabolites contributed to improving the immune system of the fish. Thus our results advance our understanding of the immunological regulation of the hybrid groupers� immune response toward oleic acid immunostimulants against Vibrio infection. ? 2023 by the authors.
Keyword
Fatty acid | feeding | fish metabolites | Grouper | immunostimulant | LC-MS | vibriosis
Industrial Classification
Knowledge Taxonomy Level 1
Knowledge Taxonomy Level 2
Knowledge Taxonomy Level 3
License
CC BY
Rights
Authors
Publication Source
Scopus